| 01 | Sand casting | Lead-free silicon brass, aluminum bronze, manganese brass | 0.5–500 kg | ±0.5–1.5 mm | Ra 6.3–25 µm | ISO 9001; ASTM B26/B26M where applicable; alloy-specific chemical requirements | Spectrometer, dimensional inspection, visual inspection, pressure testing | Large valves, pumps, marine and industrial components | Confirm pattern ownership, mold charges, export packing and corrosion protection |
| 02 | Gravity die casting | CuZn39Pb3, low-lead brass, dezincification-resistant brass | 0.1–80 kg | ±0.2–0.8 mm | Ra 3.2–12.5 µm | ISO 9001; EN 1982 or equivalent alloy designation; RoHS/REACH documentation | Coordinate measuring machine, alloy analysis, hardness testing and leak testing | Repeated industrial housings and valve bodies | Evaluate tooling life, annual capacity, alloy traceability and batch consistency |
| 03 | Hot-chamber die casting | Free-cutting brass and selected copper-zinc alloys | 0.01–15 kg | ±0.05–0.3 mm | Ra 1.6–6.3 µm | ISO 9001; customer drawing requirements; restricted-substance compliance | CMM, optical measurement, X-ray or CT sampling for critical sections | Compact fittings, hardware and high-volume components | Check flash control, porosity limits, cycle time and automated deburring |
| 04 | Low-pressure casting | High-strength brass and aluminum bronze grades | 1–120 kg | ±0.2–0.8 mm | Ra 3.2–12.5 µm | ISO 9001; ASTM B148/B148M for aluminum-bronze castings where applicable | Radiographic testing, tensile testing, hardness testing and pressure testing | Pressure-retaining and wear-resistant components | Verify solidification control, mechanical properties and internal soundness |
| 05 | Investment casting | Silicon brass, naval brass and aluminum bronze | 0.01–25 kg | ±0.1–0.4 mm | Ra 1.6–6.3 µm | ISO 9001; ISO 8062 casting tolerances; customer-specific NDT requirements | CMM, dye penetrant testing, radiography and metallographic examination | Complex shapes, thin walls and low-to-medium volumes | Assess wax tooling strategy, minimum wall thickness and NDT documentation |
| 06 | Continuous casting | Brass bars, rods, tubes and wear-resistant copper alloys | Stock lengths; cut pieces up to 100 kg | ±0.1–0.5 mm | Ra 1.6–6.3 µm | ISO 9001; relevant ASTM, EN or UNS material specifications | Chemical analysis, ultrasonic testing, hardness testing and dimensional checks | Bushings, shafts, wear plates and machined stock | Confirm straightness, metallurgical uniformity, cutting tolerance and stock availability |
| 07 | Centrifugal casting | Naval brass, aluminum bronze and bimetal-compatible alloys | 5–1,000 kg | ±0.3–1.0 mm | Ra 3.2–12.5 µm | ISO 9001; applicable pressure-vessel, marine or material standards | Ultrasonic testing, radiography, hardness testing and chemical analysis | Bushes, rings, sleeves and cylindrical pressure parts | Review wall-thickness uniformity, segregation control and machining allowance |
| 08 | Precision sand casting with CNC finishing | Lead-free brass, silicon brass and dezincification-resistant brass | 0.05–150 kg | ±0.05–0.3 mm after machining | Ra 0.8–3.2 µm after machining | ISO 9001; ISO 2768 where specified; RoHS/REACH and drinking-water compliance where required | CMM, surface roughness testing, pressure testing and first-article inspection | Custom-engineered parts requiring finished machining | Compare casting-to-machining datum control, inspection reports and process capability |
| 09 | Die casting with secondary machining | High-strength brass and selected lead-free copper-zinc alloys | 0.01–25 kg | ±0.03–0.2 mm after machining | Ra 0.8–3.2 µm after machining | ISO 9001; IATF 16949 where automotive supply applies; customer PPAP requirements | CMM, SPC, capability studies, leak testing and material traceability | Automotive, appliance and high-volume engineered parts | Check PPAP readiness, capacity planning, tooling maintenance and contingency supply |
| 10 | Prototype and low-volume casting | Standard brass, lead-free brass, silicon brass and aluminum bronze | 0.01–50 kg | ±0.2–1.0 mm before machining | Ra 3.2–25 µm | ISO 9001 preferred; drawing-based acceptance criteria; material certificates | 3D scanning, CMM, visual inspection and dimensional first-article reports | Product development, replacement parts and pilot production | Prioritize communication speed, design-for-casting support and transparent tooling costs |