| Small farm or remote wind turbine | 5–30 kW | Full-scale power converter with programmable export control | 5–30 kW | 230/400 V, three-phase, 50/60 Hz | 400–800 V DC | 96–98% | Anti-islanding, over/under-voltage protection, frequency protection, reactive-power control | IP54 or higher; operating range commonly –20°C to +50°C | Simple commissioning and low standby consumption |
| Small commercial wind project | 30–100 kW | Modular full-converter system with independent turbine control interface | 30–100 kW | 400 V low-voltage network | 600–1,000 V DC | 97–98.5% | Volt-var control, power-factor control, ramp-rate limitation, remote monitoring | IP54–IP65; forced-air cooling; corrosion protection for coastal sites | Flexible control and service accessibility |
| Community wind project | 250–500 kW | Central or modular full-scale converter connected to a step-up transformer | 250–500 kW | 400–690 V generator side; 11–33 kV collection side | 900–1,200 V DC | 98–98.8% | Low-voltage ride-through, reactive-current injection, active-power limitation, frequency response | IP54 or higher; liquid cooling may be preferred at high ambient temperatures | Maintainability and medium-voltage integration |
| Medium onshore wind turbine | 1–2 MW | Full-scale converter, commonly using a three-level IGBT or equivalent topology | 1–2 MW | 690 V AC generator output; 20–35 kV collector grid | 1,000–1,500 V DC | 98.5–99% | LVRT/HVRT, dynamic reactive-power support, active-power ramp control, frequency ride-through | IP54–IP65 nacelle or container installation; redundant cooling and surge protection | Efficiency, thermal design, and grid compliance |
| Large utility-scale onshore project | 2.5–6 MW | High-power full converter with modular power blocks and medium-voltage transformer | 2.5–6 MW | 690–1,140 V AC generator output; 33–66 kV collector grid | 1,500–2,000 V DC | 98.8–99.2% | Voltage and frequency support, fault ride-through, synthetic inertia capability, plant-level active-power control | Containerized or nacelle-mounted; liquid cooling; high-altitude and low-temperature options may be required | Bankability, redundancy, and lifecycle cost |
| Offshore wind turbine | 6–18 MW | Highly redundant full-scale converter with sealed cooling and marine-rated components | 6–18 MW | 690–1,200 V AC generator output; 33–66 kV array system | 1,500–3,300 V DC | 98.5–99.3% | Advanced fault ride-through, fast reactive-current control, frequency support, harmonic management, black-start interface where required | Marine corrosion protection, sealed cabinets, humidity control, vibration resistance, remote diagnostics | Reliability, redundancy, and offshore service reduction |
| Weak-grid or long-distance transmission site | 1–6 MW | Grid-forming-capable or grid-supporting full converter with enhanced PLL and harmonic control | 1–6 MW | 690–1,140 V AC generator output; medium- or high-voltage point of interconnection | 1,000–2,000 V DC | 98–99.2% | Grid-forming mode, weak-grid stability control, voltage support, harmonic compensation, fault ride-through | High short-circuit-ratio assessment required; advanced protection coordination and power-quality monitoring | Stability under low short-circuit conditions |
| Wind-plus-storage hybrid plant | 1–10 MW wind capacity | Wind full converter integrated with a bidirectional battery converter and plant controller | Based on export limit and storage power rating | Low- or medium-voltage collection system with controlled grid export | Typically 1,000–1,500 V DC for wind; up to 1,500 V DC for battery systems | 98–99% | Energy shifting, ramp-rate control, frequency regulation, peak shaving, reserve dispatch, reactive-power control | Separate thermal and fire-safety design for battery equipment; coordinated EMS and SCADA required | Plant-level controls and dispatch flexibility |
| Grid-connected wind project in a 50 Hz network | 100 kW–10 MW | Programmable converter supporting regional grid-code profiles | Matched to turbine output and export agreement | 400 V, 690 V, or medium-voltage collection system | 600–2,000 V DC | 97–99.2% | Configurable 50 Hz settings, active/reactive-power limits, ride-through curves, anti-islanding, ramp-rate control | Site-specific protection study, lightning protection, and power-quality verification | Compliance with the local utility interconnection code |
| Grid-connected wind project in a 60 Hz network | 100 kW–10 MW | Programmable converter supporting regional grid-code profiles | Matched to turbine output and export agreement | 480 V, 690 V, or medium-voltage collection system | 600–2,000 V DC | 97–99.2% | Configurable 60 Hz settings, active/reactive-power limits, ride-through curves, anti-islanding, ramp-rate control | Site-specific protection study, lightning protection, and power-quality verification | Correct frequency settings and utility approval |